IBC layers

The IBC protocol comprises two primary layers

• the TAO layer

• and the APP layer, built on top of TAO.

The TAO layer is the primary protocol overseeing the functioning of IBC. Its functions include connecting blockchains, reading and sending packet data, establishing clients, creating channels, and executing smart contracts that verify the validity of states.

The APP layer runs on top of the TAO layer as an API, enabling connections between protocols that want to extract that TAO layer’s richness or features.

IBC records over 60 million transactions per month from about 54 networks to date.